Bedbugs are insects of the family Bugidae in the order Hemiptera, also known as wood fleas, bed bugs, and wall bugs. Adult insects have a flat dorsal abdomen, oval shaped, reddish brown body, and are covered in fine hairs; There is one pair of protruding compound eyes on both sides of the head; The antennae can bend in 4 segments, with the last 2 segments being thinner; The oral organ is a piercing suction type, with the lower lip divided into three sections; The anterior thoracic dorsal plate is large and distinct, with a depression at its anterior edge, in which the head is embedded. The lateral edge is arc-shaped, and the posterior edge is slightly concave inward; The middle chest is small, and its back plate is in an inverted triangle shape; The posterior end of the female's abdomen is blunt and round, with a reproductive hole at the end; The posterior end of the male worm's abdomen is narrow and pointed. The lifespan of adult insects is usually 9-18 months.

Bedbugs are distributed around the world. Tropical bed bugs are mainly found south of the Yangtze River in China, while temperate bed bugs are distributed in various regions, mainly in the northern part of the river. Mainly inhabiting indoor walls, gaps in wooden furniture, grass mats, bed mats, or gaps in tables and chairs in transportation and public places. There is a phenomenon of clustering, hiding during the day and actively sucking blood at night. There is no strict selectivity for the host, and blood from rodents, birds, and livestock can also be drawn in addition to humans. Adults can mate 1-2 days after eclosion, while females start laying eggs after a few days of sucking blood. Bedbugs can reproduce 3-4 generations per year in temperate regions and 5-6 generations in tropical regions.

Bedbug bites can cause redness, swelling, and itching in the local skin of people with high skin sensitivity, and have long been suspected to be a vector for disease transmission. The killing of bed bugs can be achieved by using drugs such as fenthion and deltamethrin, or by boiling water and steam spraying.